Provenance is generally at the heart of any geologic study of terrestrial rocks but it has long evaded meteoriticists. Now for the first time, the successful return of material from asteroid Itokawa by the Hayabusa Mission provides the planetary-materials community the parent-body context that has always been lacking from terrestrial collections of meteoritic samples. Moreover, the Hayabusa Mission provides an opportunity for us to compare asteroidal regolith samples with cometary materials returned by STARDUST, lunar rocks brought back by the Apollo missions, and sets the stage for future comparisons to samples that will be returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission. Here we propose to examine the crystal chemistry and structure of asteroidal soil returned by the Hayabusa Mission. We take the approach that the samples allocated can be somewhat luck-of-the-draw, but our goal is to address several key scientific problems including space-weathering effects, the thermal histories of silicate grains, and search for GEMS-like objects. We will use transmission electron microscopy to investigate the microstructure and crystal chemistry of the grains and gain insight into their histories.